Balance of Payments Accounts of Japan (1960–90)
Japan, Flag of convenience, Foreign direct investment
978-613-7-23431-0
6137234312
104
2011-10-02
39.00 €
eng
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Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. In its balance of payments accounts, Japan has traditionally run a deficit in services. Trade in services includes transportation, insurance, travel expenditures, royalties, licensing fees, and income from investments. The deficit in services rose steadily from US$99 million in 1960, to nearly US$1.8 billion in 1970 and to more than US$11.3 billion in 1980 which can be attributed to rising royalty and licensing payments for Japan's acquisition of technology from other industrial countries and to rising deficits in the trade-related services of transportation and insurance. The transportation deficit rose after the 1960s, as rapidly climbing labor costs made Japanese-flag vessels less competitive, leading to greater use of foreign-flag carriers. Beginning in the late 1970s, however, rapidly growing overseas investments began to increase the inflow of investment income. The investments themselves are part of capital flows in the balance of payments, but repatriation of earnings on those investments is part of the services account.
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